Distributive justice

Distributive justice is the fair sharing of limited resources among everyone who needs them.

Updated 12 October 2026 (1 minute read)

Summary

  • In healthcare the resources include funding, organs, beds and staff time.
  • Common ways of sharing are by need, by the benefit expected, by time spent waiting, or equally.
  • The NHS uses several at once. Transplant organs are allocated using a mix of need, expected benefit and waiting time.
  • It is the part of justice, one of the four pillars, that deals with resources.

Interview questions

  • There is one intensive care bed and two patients who need it. How do you decide?
  • Is it fair that some treatments are available in one area and not in another?
  • Should the NHS fund very expensive drugs for rare diseases?

Practise answering these with a mentor

Our interview preparation has you answer questions like these out loud, with feedback on each answer.

More NHS hot topics, medical ethics case studies and medical school interview questions are in AlphaMED Resources, which we add to and update through the application cycle.