Empathy vs sympathy

Sympathy is feeling sorry for someone. Empathy is understanding how things look and feel from their side.

Updated 12 October 2026 (1 minute read)

Summary

  • Sympathy keeps a distance. Empathy involves imagining yourself in the other person's position.
  • Empathy has to be shown. Naming what the patient seems to feel, and checking you have it right, is one way.
  • Compassion adds the wish to help.
  • Doctors need empathy without being overwhelmed by it, or they burn out.

Interview questions

  • What is the difference between empathy and sympathy?
  • How would you show empathy to a patient who has just been given bad news?
  • Can a doctor care too much?

Practise answering these with a mentor

Our interview preparation has you answer questions like these out loud, with feedback on each answer.

More NHS hot topics, medical ethics case studies and medical school interview questions are in AlphaMED Resources, which we add to and update through the application cycle.