Health inequalities

Health inequalities are unfair and avoidable differences in health between groups of people.

Updated 12 October 2026 (1 minute read)

Summary

  • The groups differ by income, ethnicity, disability or where they live.
  • In England, people in the poorest areas die years earlier than those in the richest, and spend more of their lives in poor health.
  • The inverse care law, described by the GP Julian Tudor Hart in 1971, says that good medical care tends to be least available where it is most needed.
  • NHS England's programme for narrowing the gap is called Core20PLUS5.

Interview questions

  • What are health inequalities, and why do they exist?
  • What is the inverse care law?
  • What can one doctor do about health inequalities?

Practise answering these with a mentor

Our interview preparation has you answer questions like these out loud, with feedback on each answer.

More NHS hot topics, medical ethics case studies and medical school interview questions are in AlphaMED Resources, which we add to and update through the application cycle.